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~~ Gallery 11 ~~
Regional Cards

Spanish-suited Cards
ˇ page 3 ˇ
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GLOSSARY






Early Fancy Editions

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page 1
homeland patterns - I
page 2
homeland patterns - I
page 4
Latin American patterns
page 5
the Cadíz pattern


all the samples shown in this page belong to faithful replicas by the Fournier Museum (Spain)


This page presents some early non-standard samples of the Baraja Española produced over one century, from the early 1800s to the early 1900s, by two among Spain's most renowned manufacturers, Clemente Roxas of Madrid (mostly active at the beginning of the 19th century), and Heraclio Fournier of Vitoria (in activity from 1868 to date).

Baraja Neoclasica, by Clemente Roxas, 1810
The oldest of the series is an edition called Baraja Neoclasica, printed by Clemente Roxas in 1810. It features very elegant etchings by José Martinez, rich in detail and rather colourful. The court personages stand in front of a scenic background, whose sky has four different shades of colour according to the suit (yellow for Coins, pink for Cups, blueish-grey for Swords and pale green for Batons). The arrangement of the pips is traditional, but the suit signs are more ornate, particularly Cups, which according to the principles of Neoclassicism (as suggested by the title of the deck) are shaped as ancient urns, with a festoon hung to them. The 4s of all suits have a small allegorical scene in the centre, that fills the blank space.

Another edition by Clemente Roxas, dated 1815, is called Goyesca, probably referring to the popular art of Francisco Goya, the famous painter and engraver of those years, who broke the tradition of Neoclassicism and introduced in his works realistic themes, often using a rather sketchy style, sometimes even resorting to caricatures to exaggerate the subject's features and obtain satirical effects. Actually, the real theme of this deck is represented by the traditional clothes worn by the court personages and by the figurines that fill the central space of the 4s: each of them refers to a different city or region of Spain, indicated by a small caption at the bottom of the illustration. Only the kings are clothed generically, and have no text below them.

Baraja Goyesca, by Clemente Roxas, 1815


'Four Continents' deck, by Castellanos, 1817
Referred to as Baraja de los Cuatro Continentes ("Four Continents deck"), this edition was printed by Castellanos of Madrid in 1817. Its design, by Manuel Alegre, is similar in quality to the one of the Baraja Neoclasica, but the court personages too are allegorical. The theme of the deck is based on the world's continents (in the early 1800s they were still four), each of which is represented by a suit. Coins are (South) America, featuring native Indios; Cups are Asia, with Ottoman personages; Swords are Europe, as suggested by the Western clothing; Batons are (Northern) Africa, with Moorish-like courts. The subjects of the usual small scenes that decorate the 4s are consistent with the continent matching the suit they belong to.

The two following editions do not have a name nor a title, as they were not inspired by any particular theme, representing a purely fantasy design. In both of them the number of cards is forty (i.e. without 8s and 9s).
The first of the two, with pastel colours, is Fournier's earliest creation, dated 1868; in the same year this special pattern was awarded a prize at the International Exposition in Paris. The decorative figurines that were used to fill up the empty spaces were dropped, and replaced by some text and some generic geometric textures. The central part of the 4 of Coins reads No.1, while the 4 of Cups informs us about the prize. The two most innovative features are the attitudes of the court personages, and the shape of the suit signs; in particular, note the fearsome look of the Batons (shaped as clubs covered with spikes!).

Another prize-winning edition by the famous manufacturer is the pattern dated 1889, whose self-celebrative ace of Coins features the head of the same Heraclio Fournier and, below, the many other awards he had already won. The design is not really very different from the previous one, but here all the subjects have a greyish background, that makes the colours stand out better than in the No.1. The courts are even more ornate, and the personages in the suit of Batons clearly depict Moors: this is not a typical feature of the standard Baraja Española, but rather frequent in more fancy versions, in earlier editions (e.g. the 'Four Continents' previously shown) as well as in some modern ones too (see the last picture in page 1).

above: Fournier's No.1 pattern, 1868

below: pattern created in 1889, also by Fournier

Also the last fancy pattern shown is by Fournier; it is called El Quijote, and it dates back to the early years of the 20th century.

El Quijote deck, by Fournier, from the early 1900s
Illustrated by E.Pastor, it is dedicated to Miguel Cervantes' masterwork, Don Quixote (the writer's head is featured on the ace of Coins). Almost every subject features in the background small scenes and views inspired by the story.
The shape of the suit signs changes very often, and in some of the subjects also the arrangement of the pips is non-standard. The deck has forty-eight cards, plus two comodines, i.e. the extra subjects, which had been recently introduced.

one of the comodines
featuring Don Quixote


go to
page 1
homeland patterns - I
page 2
homeland patterns - I
page 4
Latin American patterns
page 5
the Cadíz pattern




GLOSSARY

actual translation
NAIPESPLAYING CARDS
BARAJADECK
PALOSpolesSUITS
OROSgoldCOINS
COPASCUPS
ESPADASSWORDS
BASTOSBATONS
DIAMANTESDIAMONDS
CORAZONESHEARTS
TRÉBOLcloverCLUBS
PICOSspikesSPADES
ASACE
SOTAKNAVE (Spanish-suited decks)
PAJEJACK (French-suited decks)
CABALLOhorseHORSEMAN (CAVALIER)
REINAQUEEN
REYKING



OTHER GALLERIES

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